On this day in 1941, the Bucharest pogrom began in Romania, ending three days later after 127 Jews were murdered. In 1940, Bucharest was the center of Jewish life in Romania, home to Jewish schools, and cultural and social institutions. The Iron Guard, known more commonly as Legionnaires, had stolen property from the Jews in line with antisemitic legislation that had become law in Romania. On January 20, 1941, the Iron Guard launched a rebellion against Prime Minister Ion Antonescu’s government, including the Jews as targets of their armed uprising. The Legionnaires accompanied their assault with wild claims that the Jews were behind the rebellion, and enlisted the collaboration of villagers, peasants, workers, students, and police officers. The pogrom was therefore part of a preceding, wider effort to legitimize the Iron Guard’s rebellion, and included setting Jewish homes and businesses on fire, kidnapping, storming synagogues, and torture. Jewish property was confiscated, there were mass shootings, Jewish corpses were marked “kosher”, and many were found in a slaughterhouse hung from hooks. After three days, the pogrom ended when Antonescu ordered his military to end the rebellion, an operation that took little time. Still, the devastation had been wrought, and the Romanian population and then the world learned of the horror perpetrated by the Iron Guard. Six months later, Antonescu would launch his own deadly pogrom against Romanian Jews in the city of Iasi, a far deadlier attack that would kill over 13,000 people.